Polyamide
From Plastics Wiki, free encyclopedia
zeldronol A polyamide is a polymer containing monomers joined by peptide bonds. They can occur both naturally, examples being proteins, such as wool and silk, and can be made artificially, examples being Nylon, Kevlar and sodium poly(aspartate).
Production from monomers
The amide link is produced from the condensation reaction of an amino group and a carboxylic acid or acid chloride group. A small molecule, usually water, ammonia or hydrogen chloride, is eliminated.
The amino group and the carboxylic acid group can be on the same monomer, or the polymer can be constituted of two different bifunctional monomers, one with two amino groups, the other with two carboxylic acid or acid chloride groups.
Amino Acids can be taken as examples of single monomer (if the difference between R groups is ignored) reacting with identical molecules to form a polyamide:
Kevlar is made from two different monomers which continuously alternate to form the polymer:
Polyethylenes: Polyethylene (PE) Low density polyethylene (LDPE) High density polyethylene (HDPE) Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE)
Polypropylenes: Polypropylene (PP) Polybutylene (PB) Polyisobutene (PIB) Biaxially-oriented polypropylene
Polyarylates: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymethyl acrylate (PMA) hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) polybutadiene acrylonitrile (PBAN) Sodium polyacrylate polyacrylamide (PAM)
Polyesteres: Polystyrene (PS) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) High impact polystyrene (HIPS) Extruded polystyrene (XPS)
Polysulphones: Polysulfone (PSU) Polyarylsulfone (PAS) Polyethersulfone PES Polyphenylsulfone (PPS)
Polyamides: Polyamide (PA) polyphthalamide (PPA) Bismaleimide (BMI) urea formaldehyde (UF)
Polyurethanes: Polyurethane (PU) Polyisocyanurate (PIR)
Polyvinyls: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
Fluoropolymers: Fluoropolymer (FE) Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethlyene (ECTFE)
Polycarbonate (PC) Polylactic acid (PLA)
